Rather than going back and forth, I went to Quora and searched what mathematicians, statisticians, MBAs, etc., had to say.
The question was, "How doesn’t buying two lottery tickets double my chance of winning the lottery, even if that chance is still minuscule?" (not quite the same as reducing the odds, here we're talking about doubling your chances) You'll see some explain you can't reduce the odds, you can only increase your chances.
Here we go:
Aaron Brown
MBA in Finance & Statistics (academic discipline), The University of Chicago Booth School of Business - If you buy two tickets with different numbers, you double your chances of winning a single jackpot. Your chance of winning any prize at all goes up by slightly less than a factor of two.
Brian Williams KY-LEXINGTON
Studied Mathematics - If we’re talking about something like the Powerball lottery where there is no limit on the number of tickets sold, and the winner is decided by matching all the numbers that are drawn, then buying two tickets (with different sets of numbers) does double your chance of winning. But the odds are so long that even doubling your odds doesn’t do much to move your individual odds any meaningful distance from zero. The odds of winning the Powerball, for example, are 1 in 292,201,338. That about 3.4 x 10^(-9). If you buy two tickets your odds are 6.8 x 10^(-9).
Larry Kessler
MBA from UH Bauer College of Business - It does. In Texas, the lotto lets you pick 6 numbers between 1 and 54. Buying two tickets doubles your odds of winning from 1 in 18,595,558,800 to a whopping 2 in 18,595,558,800.
Bill Drake
MS (ABD) in Anthropology & Statistics (academic discipline), University of Cincinnati - Nope. Your chances are always 50/50. You win or you don’t. Now, the odds may change a little with multiple tickets but your chances remain the same. 50/50.
Terry Dickinson - If you have 2 different sets of numbers it does mathematically halve your odds, but, I look at it like this: if there are 1 million tickets buying one means you have 999,999 chances to lose if you buy 2 you have 999,998 chances to lose, not a great improvement.
David Vanderschel
PhD in Mathematics & Physics, Rice - Yes. It also doubles what you are paying for your doubled chance.
Larry Nutter
Former Mental Health Evaluator at University of Colorado Hospital - You have hit the correct answer to your question within your question. Your chance of winning Powerball with each ticket is 292 million to one. If you purchase 50 tickets, it does not substantially improve your chance of winning.
And finally, a man after my own heart......
Stefan Gebhardt
Studied at Munich University of Applied Sciences - Statistically it's true, in reality it isn't. Let me explain.
Statistically if the chance of winning is 1 in 1 million, and you buy two tickets, it's now 2 in 1 million. That's double the odds of course. But odds aren't the same as actual chance of winning.
Statistically you can also say that 2 in 1 million is the same as 1 in 500,000. That's true mathematically, but not in reality. By buying a second lottery ticket you haven't eliminated 500,000 possibilities.
1 in a million means 999,999 chances of being wrong. Two in a million means 999,998 chances of being wrong. It does not mean suddenly 499,999 chances of being wrong. So for lotteries statistics are misleading.
If you buy 1,000 tickets you still have 999,000 chances of being wrong, while people assume that it's the same as 1 in 1,000, so only 999 chances of being wrong. It isn't. But that's why lotteries make so much money.
So do these highly educated math people need math courses too?
G