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Consuder:
The worm had not been thawed in about 46,000 years.
Alexei V. Tchesunov and Anastasia Shatilovich/Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science RAS
CNN
—
Scientists have revived a worm that was frozen 46,000 years ago — at a time when woolly mammoths, sabre-toothed tigers and giant elks still roamed the Earth.
The roundworm, of a previously unknown species, survived 40 meters (131.2 feet) below the surface in the Siberian permafrost in a dormant state known as cryptobiosis, according to Teymuras Kurzchalia, professor emeritus at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden and one of the scientists involved in the research.
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Organisms in a cryptobiotic state can endure the complete absence of water or oxygen and withstand high temperatures, as well as freezing or extremely salty conditions. They remain in a state “between death and life,” in which their metabolic rates decrease to an undetectable level, Kurzchalia explained.
“One can halt life and then start it from the beginning. This a major finding,” he said, adding that other organisms previously revived from this state had survived for decades rather than millennia.
Five years ago, scientists from the Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science in Russia found two roundworm species in the Siberian permafrost.
One of the researchers, Anastasia Shatilovich, revived two of the worms at the institute by simply rehydrating them with water, before taking around 100 worms to labs in Germany for further analysis, transporting them in her pocket.
The worm was found in the Siberian permafrost.
The worm was found in the Siberian permafrost.
Shatilovich et al, 2023, PLOS Genetics, CC-BY 4.0
After thawing the worms, the scientists used radiocarbon analysis of the plant material in the sample to establish that the deposits had not been thawed since between 45,839 and 47,769 years ago.
But still, they didn’t know whether the worm was a known species. Eventually, genetic analysis conducted by scientists in Dresden and Cologne showed that these worms belonged to a novel species, which researchers named Panagrolaimus kolymaenis.
Researchers also found that the P. kolymaenis shared with C. elegans — another organism often used in scientific studies — “a molecular toolkit” that could allow it to survive cryptobiosis. Both organisms produce a sugar called trehalose, possibly enabling them to endure freezing and dehydration.
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“To see that the same biochemical pathway is used in a species which is 200, 300 million years away, that’s really striking,” said Philipp Schiffer, research group leader of the Institute of Zoology at the University of Cologne and one of the scientists involved in the study. “It means that some processes in evolution are deeply conserved.”
And, Schiffer added, there are other actionable insights which can be gleaned by studying these organisms.
“By looking at and analyzing these animals, we can maybe inform conservation biology, or maybe even develop efforts to protect other species, or at least learn what to do to protect them in these extreme conditions that we have now,” he told CNN.
* The actions of 45 is what turned many Americans off & despite the justice system saying " you lost" the ex President & his supporters refuses to accept reality. That's what l personally find disturbing. Heck, had there been proof that he won, calm would have set in years ago & we as a nation would have moved on, but the persistence that everyone else is wrong, but he is right is what turns people off him. Defeat is part of life & in life there is no guarantees.
* If you really want to know what Biden has been doing for the country go to Google and ask that question: The answers will unfold before your eyes. Your cultist move of asking questions has run it's course.
* Here's one for you: When Covid hit, what great things did 45 suggest American do? I know he went golfing & blamed Fauci. What's your answer?
* To truthly know how smart he was, he ended up being twice impeached, sued for sexual assault. Then he really kicked into high gear with stealing classified documents & soon he is going to be further indicted for orchestrating the removal of footage showing classified documents being moved from one location to another.
*They don't come any smarter, and to think he was the leader of the free world at one time. Mr " l did nothing wrong" sure has got himself into a lot of hot water since leaving the WH. His innocence is so pronounced, that the justice system is just harassing him because his so truthful.
___________________________________________________
Yep,
He threw a wrench in their gears of corruption.
It's been a while since I asked this, and I'm not interested in what google says about it. I'm asking you. So what has he done? Without saying he passed the infrastructure bill again. What else is there?
So what has he done lately? You're his #1 supporter, don't tell us you can't come up with anything.
Here ya go.
https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/president-trumps-historic-coronavirus-response/
So what did Biden do?
* I noticed you posted the " what Trump administration " did for Covid back in August 2020- that's quite a lot of BS. More importantly, it was 3 months before the Presidential election & its TELLING.
*Why you ask, cause the American voters still voted Trump out because they did not go for his lies, and they were educated enough to tell themselves that they not going to make the same mistake twice. You know the " Once bitten, twice shy" saying. Only cult members stay with their leader no matter what...hint..hint.
*
Prove that it's BS.
Biden did nothing during covid.
* Asking me to provide proof does nothing to get you to accept my posts, so instead, l point you to Google or some other source where you can take it out with them. You asked for this, you got it.
* Wanna know what Biden did during Covid? Do research, it's out there. In your fantasy world- Covid deaths were worse after the vaccines were made available to the public, so how on earth 🌎 am l supposed to respond to stupidity?
* What l do know is that despite his age, Biden is working for the American people because he knows the responsibility placed upon him. He takes his role seriously- you don't see him going on Twitter or rushing to the press to pushback on negative news about him like a Trump did & does.
* We have an adult in the WH, the last adult we had in that role of President was Obama & then it went downhill from there. Just look at 45's behavior since he lost: Attacking fellow Republicans, attacking Jack Smith, attacking the FBI, attacking the DOJ & lying about everything because his as pure as the driven snow.
* No one is saying there should not be republicans running for President, but despite him leading all candidates, his time has come and gone. There's a reason some President's don't win a 2nd term- the voters lose confidence in their leadership & they did in his. These are all facts that can be verified by doing " Research. "
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