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6th Part: "Nostalgia" "Old" Basic Language interpreters, Commodore 64 Basic Interpreter # 1.
Published:
Updated:
Commodore basic is not exactly the same as that of all other old and new basics, so beware of problems if you try these with other basic interpreters, emulators, languages or programs.
COMMODORE 64 PROGRAMMER'S REFERENCE GUIDE
Strings or string constants
Pages 4 >
Letters = "JOE"
Numbers = "860"
Symbols = "$^*"
Or a mix of any of those such as: "6K)"
Strings are inside quotes "X"
------------
Data can be numbers 48923 or strings "/?9F"
-----------
Numeric Variables
Represent numbers
2 LEM = 25
4 PRINT LEM
Type RUN
Type Enter-Return
Get
25
-----
LEM = Numeric Variable
25 = Numeric Constant
---------------------------
String Variables
A string variable represents strings
2 FRUIT$ = "BANANA"
4 PRINT FRUIT$
RUN
BANANA
-------------------
FRUIT$ = String Variable
"BANANA" = String Constant
----------------------
Names must start with a letter
String variables must end with $
Different variables must not have the same 2 characters
You may not use variables that have in them basic commands
So we must get familiar first with the names of basic commands.
--------
It is also ok:
DOK = 6+4
-----
2 Y=96
4 AGE=Y
6 PRINT AGE
RUN
96
------------
NAME$ = "JOE"
-----
2 D$ = "JOE"
4 C$ = D$
------------
Beware of mistakes verify info yourself
----------------
LET DOG = 3
LET TH$ = "MAY"
In that case the LET command is optional it doesn't have to be used it can just be:
DOG = 3
TH$ = "MAY"
-----
Type in direct mode or with numbers if in a program:
X = 250 + 50
PRINT X
-----------
5 X = 250 - 50
10 PRINT X
------------
To multiply use *
Y = 3*2
PRINT Y
------------
To divide
J = 100/4
PRINT J
----------------
Exponents or Powers:
2^2 = 4
9^2 = 81
2^3= 8
Beware of mistakes
1 LE = 3^3
2 PRINT LE
--------
2 Y = [2^3] - 5
4 PRINT Y
--------------
Order of Math operations it is best to put the operations in parentheses otherwise:
Powers-Exponents are done first, then:
Multiplications and divisions are second, then:
Additions and substractions are last.
Read the C-64's Guide.
Using parenthesis you can do like this:
C = ((2^3)+15)*6
Maybe much better than trying to guess how it will be computed by the program or the Pc.
------------
PRINT "MOTOR" + "CAR"
MOTORCAR
-----------
PRINT "MOTOR" + " " + "CAR"
MOTOR CAR
--------------
10 X$ = "JOE"
15 K$ = " "
20 Y$ = "BROWN"
30 PRINT X$ + K$ + Y$
RUN
JOE BROWN
------------
No more of these posts for a few days (1 to 3 or so ) then I will continue them.
You might want to try the examples with the C-64 Interpreter or with a C-64 Emulator or with some other old basic interpreter and make sure that there are no mistakes if there are mistakes make sure that a C-64 interpreter or emulator is used and also read the C-64 guides that you might have downloaded or some other basic tutorial(s) or guide(s).
---------------
Beware of mistakes, so read basic guides or tutorials, other than what I post on here.
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